The Maya civilization's economy and governance were characterized by which system?

• A. A purely egalitarian society with no rulers.
• B. Based on nomadic herding.
• C. Largely farming with a hierarchical government led by kings and priests.
• D. A seafaring maritime empire with extensive navy.

Answer: (C)

The Maya built their society on farming, producing maize, beans, and squash for most people, with specialized crafts and trade supporting city life and ceremonial activities. At the same time, political power was organized in a layered, hierarchical system led by kings who claimed divine authority, with a powerful priesthood shaping religious, calendrical, and ritual life. Nobles managed lands, tribute, and public works, while scribes and artisans sustained administration and culture. This combination—an agriculturally based economy that supports large populations and complex urban centers, paired with a structured ruling class anchored by kings and priests—best fits how the Maya operated. They were not a nomadic population, not a purely equal society, and not defined by a maritime empire, making this description the most accurate.